Palabras clave
dioxinas
disruptor endocrino
medio ambiente
salud humana
dietilestilbestrol
Cómo citar
Resumen
Los organismos vivos están expuestos a una gran variedad de sustancias químicas que representan un riesgo para la salud. Los disruptores endocrinos (EDCs) son compuestos químicos que se encuentran en productos de uso diario, alimentos, medicamentos y plaguicidas, entre otros; con efectos nocivos para la salud humana y la vida silvestre. La presente revisión comparte hitos históricos que han sido clave para comprender los efectos biológicos de los EDCs y las políticas públicas implementadas para su uso. Se describen los primeros hallazgos del daño inducido por compuestos empleados en la industria, entre ellos: los bifenilos policlorados (PCB), el diclorodifeniltricloroetano (DDT), el dietilestilbestrol (DES), las dioxinas, los sulfonatos de perfluorooctano (PFOS) y otros. Así también los eventos que dieron lugar al término "disruptor endocrino" y al surgimiento de una nueva área de investigación en endocrinología. Se destaca el papel de las sociedades científicas en la obtención de evidencia experimental y de asociación. Se mencionan las declaraciones científicas más relevantes sobre cómo los EDCs afectan la salud y promueven la enfermedad. Finalmente, se discuten los avances en la regulación de los EDCs y se mencionan los desafíos actuales para su control y exposición.
Citas
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