Palabras clave
cicatrización hipertrófica
fibrosis
quemaduras
diabetes
Cómo citar
Resumen
El proceso de cicatrización es un proceso complejo que involucra varios tipos celulares y eventos moleculares con el objetivo de restaurar la integridad del teijdo. La cicatrización se lleva a cabo en 4 etapas secuenciales conocidas como: hemostasia, inflamación, proliferación y remodelación. Entre ellas la inflamación es una fase que debe aumentar, para cerrar la herida y asegurar una correcta cicatrización, que es regulada por las células del sistema inmunológico que liberan citocinas como: IL-6, IL1β y factores de crecimiento como: factor de necrosis tumoral-α. Una desregulación en las citocinas y factores de crecimiento provocan una inflamación crónica, lo que va a desarrollar una fibrosis. Existen diferentes causas por las que esta última aparece, las quemaduras son uno de los principales accidentes que originan esta patología en un 80%. Esta alteración es consecuencia del desequilibrio en la interacción de diferentes células del tejido cutáneo y del sistema inmunológico durante la curación. En esta revisión se discute el papel de las citocinas y los factores de crecimiento presentes en la inflamación y cómo las quemaduras causan cicatrices hipertróficas.
Citas
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